Любопытная карта: голосование по ленд-лизу в Конгрессе США 8 февраля 1941 года. Голосование шло больше по партийной линии: демократы голосовали за, республиканцы - против. Но любопытны исключения. 25 республиканцев голсовали за, и в подавляющем большинстве они из Северо-Востока. С другой стороны, некоторые демократы голосовали против, и чаще они из Среднего Запада, где много немцев, или из Нью-Йорка, где больше ирландцев. С немцами понятно, а вот ирландцы интересны: оказывается, они выступали против помощи Великобритании.


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Date: 2023-12-13 03:21 pm (UTC)Ирландия держала в войну жёсткий нейтралитет, а те, кто пошёл в английскую армию добровольцами, по возвращении ничего хорошего ни от общества, ни от правитеьства не увидели. Де Валера вообще присылал соболезнования по случаю смерти Гитлера. Ирландцы вообще отличались хорошей памятью - маленький остров, все друг друга знают - а то, как начудили в 1916-1920 англичане они и до сих пор вспоминают. В центральном парке Дублина мини-выставка про восстание, в школах последний год ирландской истории весь про это и т.д.
При этом практически всё скопировано или копируется с англичан. После Brexit'a, например, в народе были серьёзные разговоры про выход из EU.
(тангенциальное) экономический расцвет Исландии тоже от этого: нужно было где-то ставить радары следить за северной атлантикой, базировать патрульные корабли и т.д.
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Date: 2023-12-15 12:13 pm (UTC)Радиопроповедник отец Кофлин пользовался у ирландских католиков большой популярностью.
In the late 1930s, Father Coughlin commanded a radio audience as eye-popping today as it was back then. Coughlin had tens of millions of Americans listening to him at the height of his popularity— and this is at a time when there were fewer than 130 million people in the whole country. And he had tens of millions of people in his weekly audience. He had the largest radio audience in the world.
https://www.msnbc.com/msnbc-podcast/rachel-maddow-presents-ultra/transcript-brooklyn-boys-n1299419
He blamed Jews for inciting the European conflicts, supported pro-Nazi organizations in America such as the German-American Bund, and serialized in his weekly newspaper the Protocols of the Elders of Zion, the notorious fake document purporting Jewish plans for world domination (O’Toole 2019). Some of Father Coughlin’s writings in his newspaper even followed Joseph Goebbels’ speeches verbatim (Warren 1996). In 1938, Coughlin also played an instrumental role in forming a paramilitary and anti-Semitic organization, the Christian Front, which specialized in harassing and beating up Jews and vandalizing Jewish property across major US cities (O’Toole 2019). In addition, Coughlin was also a staunch supporter for American isolationism. Calling FDR “the world’s chief warmonger,” Coughlin vehemently opposed America’s entry into WWII and endorsed the leading US isolationist organization, the American First Committee.
https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.20200513
Джозеф Кеннеди, отец будущего президента и человек с собственными президентскими амбициями, был в 1938-1940 послом в Англии и внес свою лепту.
He was a boorish, stubborn man who got the ambassadorship mostly because he donated to Roosevelt’s 1936 reelection campaign and then demanded the prestigious position in return, as a steppingstone to the presidency. At the next Democratic National Convention, or perhaps the one after, the freshly minted ambassador expected to secure the nomination and sail into the White House. He hoped to launch America’s first Catholic political dynasty with himself as the first Kennedy president. <…>
He told an adviser to Roosevelt that the British should “let Hitler take over all of Europe.” If it didn’t work out, America could assassinate the Fuhrer, reasoned Kennedy — who all the while was trying to secure a personal meeting with him. Fascism was the future, he believed, and neutrality best for the American economy. Democracy was dead in England and would soon be everywhere else, too. Kennedy made these arguments in opposition to his sponsor and to morality; details about every stage of the Nazi persecution of Jews, from pogrom to concentration camp, flooded his embassy from the day he arrived in London. <…>
Eventually, Ambassador Kennedy exhausted the patience of the president. He went too far in his obsession to keep America out of war. On a holiday trip home in 1940, Kennedy, in cahoots with other powerful isolationists, planned to publicly declare that war would be ruinous to the United States and that he was the only one to stop it — and prevent a third term for Roosevelt. Apprised of the plan, Roosevelt summoned the ambassador to the White House before Kennedy’s expected meeting with his co-conspirators. Over dinner, the president pressured Kennedy into giving a radio address lavishing praise on Roosevelt, a leader so perfectly suited to the challenging times that there should be no thought of electing anyone else. Overpowered, Kennedy’s only choice afterward was to resign.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/the-schemes-and-ambitions-of-joseph-p-kennedy-undiplomatic-ambassador/2021/10/13/04a61b42-fbaf-11eb-9c0e-97e29906a970_story.html